






PATCHELL VETERINARY CLINIC

Q Why should I treat my pet for fleas and ticks?
The second product we offer is Vectra 3d. It protects against fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes. It will not eliminate the need for a heartworm preventative, but it does help in the fight against mosquitoes.
The last product we offer is Revolution. It is a drop that is applied to the skin in between the shoulder blades. Revolution will protect your pet against fleas, ticks, ear mites, sarcoptic mange, heartworms and because cats are such good groomers they take the medicine internally and that protects them against intestinal parasites. Revolution is ideal for indoor pets, pets that do not spend a lot of time outdoors, or do not live in a high tick populated area. Before dispensing revolution to your dog we require a negative heartworm test.
Q Why does my dog need to be on heartworm preventative year round and be tested yearly?
In Arkansas mosquitoes can live year round. Mosquitoes are the only way for your pet to contract heartworms. The mosquitoes will bite your pet and inject the microfilaria into your pet’s blood stream. It takes 6 months for the microfilaria to become adult heartworms. Heartworm disease is an important but preventable disease and because we all forget to give a pill one time and we've all had a pet spit a pill out behind our back it is important to test your pet yearly.
Q Why should I spay/neuter my pet?
Having your pet spayed/neutered will greatly reduce their chances of having cancer of the reproductive system. This will also solve many of our problems with the over population of domestic animals. "Consider the fact that in six short years, one female dog and her offspring can give birth to 67,000 puppies. In seven years, one cat and her young can produce 420,000 kittens."-HSUS.org. The younger this procedure is performed will reduce their chances of developing cancer and adding to the already over populated communities. Female dogs and cats can also develop infections of the reproductive system as they get older. Another benefit of neutering your male pets is that it will decrease the need to roam and reduce aggression and urine marking.
Q Why should I vaccinate my pet?
In the state of Arkansas it is required that all dogs and cats receive a Rabies vaccination annually do to the high instance of wild life in our area. In dogs we recommend that they receive a Distemper, Parvo, Lepto, Hepatitis, and Parainfluenza vaccination every year. For dogs that board or go to the groomer on a regular basis we recommend a kennel cough vaccine in conjunction with the other vaccines.
In cats we recommend an Upper Respiratory and Feline Leukemia vaccine. For cats that remain in strictly indoors we will do these every other year, but still administer the Rabies vaccine annually.
Q Why do I need to have my pet’s teeth cleaned?
One of the most common diseases we see in pets with poor dental health is periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gums and bones supporting the teeth. Over time the infection can literally eat away the bone supporting the teeth. This leads to other problems such as tooth lose and in severe cases broken jawbones.
There are 4 stages of Periodontal Disease:
Stage 1
Gingivitis
Gum tissue around the teeth can become inflamed and swollen. Plaque and tartar areusually present on the teeth.
Stage 2

Mild Periodontitis
Inflammation progresses to an infection that starts to detroy gum and bone tissue around the teeth. This can lead to discomfort for your pet, and bad breath may be noticeable.
Stage 3
Moderate Periodontitis
The continuing infection destroys more tissue around the teeth, often causing bleeding of gums and loosening of teeth. The discomfort and pain can affect eating habits and behavior.
Stage 4

Severe Periodontitis
Extensive infection is tearing down even more of the attachment tissues (gum and bone). Teeth are at risk of being lost.
The condition of your pet’s mouth can directly affect the body’s internal organs. The bacteria in the mouth is absorbed into the blood stream where it then goes to the heart and is then sent to the other organs in the body. If your pet has a “bad” mouth, the over growth of bacteria can actually damage the heart, liver,and kidneys.
Pets need good dental health too. The mouth can be a gateway for disease and infection. Brushing your pet’s teeth daily and having their teeth professionally cleaned by a licensed veterinarian or veterinary technician will help them live a longer, healthier life.
Q Why should I microchip my pet?
Traditionally owners have used ID and registration tags or tattoos to identify their pets. Unfortunately tags can be lost and yes tattoos are permanent but not always an effective way of identifying a pet. Microchips, on the other hand, are also permanent and have been a more effective way of identifying our pets.
Say you are on a trip with a friend and you both decide to bring your dogs along. Your pet has an ID and Rabies tag and a microchip. Your friend’s pet only has an ID tag. The pets decide to go off on an adventure of their own and when you go out to look for them you find their collars out in the woods. Your dog is found and taken to a local humane society where they have microchip scanner. The scanner is able to identify your pet and have him returned safely to you. Your friend’s pet is now off on his own with no way of identifying him.
Technology has really come a long way over the years. Microchips have been used in identifying livestock, horses, and our pets, but there have been some concerns on the effectiveness of the microchips. Most countries follow the International Organization of Standardization (ISO) when it comes to microchipping, but unfortunately in the United States not all microchips and scanners follow these standards. As the result of this, not all scanners will read all types of microchips. Steps are being taken to resolve this problem. If you do decide to microchip your pet, be sure to ask your veterinarian what type of chip they provide or recommend and be sure it follows ISO standards.
Currently we offer the ResQTMmicrochip manufactured by the Bayer Corporation. ResQTMis the first ISO-compliant microchip system for companion animals available at animal shelters and veterinarians' offices in the United States. Using ISO-compliant technology safeguards pets and helps increase the chance that the pet will be reunited should it ever become lost, compared to pets that only wear ID tags. Each ResQTM microchip contains an individual, preprogrammed code that is permanent and cannot be altered. ResQTM microchips are unbreakable, do not require a battery, and are designed to last the pet's lifetime.
To find out more about ISO standards and compare brands go to resq.petparents.com.
Q What is Canine Osteoarthritis?
Canine osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease that affects the bones and soft tissues of the joints causing pain and decreased flexibility. Arthritis affects 70 million humans (1 in 3 adults) and 11 million dogs (1 in 5 adult dogs). Osteoarthritis can be a debilitating disease for both people and their canine counter parts. Our canine friends can’t tell us that their knees stiffen or their hips hurt after prolonged play or when they go up and down stairs. They depend on us to recognize the signs of pain and expect us to get them to the veterinarian for proper treatment.
Signs of pain are not always easy to recognize. Like most animals, dogs are “genetically programmed” not to show any vulnerability. Each dog responds differently to pain depending on factors such as age, general health, and breed. Signs can also vary depending on the severity of the arthritis.
Common Signs & Symptoms of Arthritis:
Lethargy
Stiffness
Limping
Reluctance to move
Aggressive or defensive reactions to touch
Unusual barking or whining
Uncharacteristic hiding
Decreased activity
Difficulty rising from a resting position
Lagging behind on walks
Yelping or whimpering
Treating Arthritis
Unfortunately with arthritis we can not turn back the clock, but there are effective ways of reducing pain and inflammation caused by arthritis. We can do this with the use of anti-inflammatory medications, analgesic medications, or supplements such as glucosamine. Other alternatives include controlled exercise such as swimming, weight control, or even surgery in severe cases of hip dysplasia.
Q What are some things that could be toxic or dangerous to my pet?
There are many common household items that can be hazardous to your pet’s health. It is always a good idea to keep such items stored in a place where your pet can not find them.
Here is a list of items that can be DEADLY if ingested by your pet:
Household Items:
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (ibuprofen, naproxen, etc.)
Acetaminophen (aka: Tylenol)
Cold and flu medications
Antidepressants
Vitamins
Home insect products
Rat and mouse bait
Bleach
Diet pills
Disinfectants
Fabric softener
Lighter fluid
Moth balls
Anti-cancer drugs
Solvents (paint thinners, etc.)
Fleas and tick products
Drain Cleaners
Liquid Potpourri
Slug and snail bait
Oven cleaner sprays
Lime/scale remover
Fly bait
Detergents
Tobacco products
Plants:
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Aloe |
Dumbcane |
Morning Glory |
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Amaryllis |
Easter Lily |
Mother-in-Law |
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Andromeda Japonica |
Elephant Ears |
Mountain Laurel |
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Asian Lily |
Emerald Fern |
Narcissus |
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Asparagus Fern |
English Ivy |
Needlepoint Ivy |
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Australian Nut |
Eucalyptus |
Nephthysis |
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Autumn Crocus |
Ferns |
Nightshade |
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Azalea |
Fiddle-Leaf Phildodendron |
Oleander |
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Belladonna |
Florida Beauty |
Panda |
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Birds of Paradise |
Fox Glove |
Peace Lily |
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Bittersweet |
Glacier Ivy |
Philodendron |
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Black Locust |
Gladiolas |
Poinsettia |
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Branching Ivy |
Gold Dust Dracaena |
Poison Hemlock |
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Buckeye |
Golden Pothos |
Precatory Bean (rosary pea) |
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Buddhist Pine |
Heavenly Bamboo |
Privet |
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Caladium |
Honeysuckle |
Red Emerald |
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Calla Lily |
Hurricane Plant |
Rhododendron |
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Castor Bean |
Hyacinth |
Ribbon Plant |
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Ceriman |
Hydrangea |
Sago Plant |
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Clematis |
Iris |
Satin Pathos |
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Cordatum |
Jerusalem Cherry |
Schefflera |
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Corn Plant |
Jimson Weed |
Striped Dracaena |
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Cyads |
Kalanchoe |
Sweetheart Ivy |
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Cyclamen |
Lantana |
Tulip |
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Daffodil |
Lilies (all Lilium Species) |
Water Hemlock |
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Daylily |
Lily of the Valley |
Wisteria |
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Devil’s Ivy |
Lupine |
Yew |
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Dieffenbachia |
Marble Queen |
Yucca |
Harmful Foods:
Avocados
Bones of any kind
Chocolate (all forms)
Coffee
Onion & onion powder
Garlic
Grapes
Raisins
Macadamia Nuts
Alcoholic Beverages
Moldy/spoiled food
Salt
Fatty foods
Gum, candies, or other foods sweetened with xylitol
Tea leaves
Raw yeast dough
Ham or other pork products
Objects:
Balls
Batteries
Bread twist ties
Buttons
Coins
Cotton Swabs
Electrical cords
Glass
Hair Pins
Jewelry
Nylons
Paper Clips
Plastic wrap
Socks
Rubber-bands
Sharp objects
String, yarn, or dental floss
Towels
Toys with small removable parts
Wax
Outside:
Algea- Can be found in ponds or other bodies of water; certain types can be toxic.
Antifreeze/Coolant- Some types of antifreeze or coolant products contain ethylene glycol, which is toxic to dogs and cats, even in small amounts.
Fire pit/Grill- Flames can result in serious burns and ashes can cause illness if ingested.
Fences or gates- Your pets can run away if they find openings in damaged fences or gates. They can also get hurt or strangled if they get stuck.
De-icing salts- Some formulations may contain chemicals that are hazardous to pets if ingested in large amounts. Look for "pet friendly" de-icing salts.
Compost (particularly if moldy)
Gasoline
Oil
Pesticides
Cocoa bean shell mulch fertilizer
Swimming pools or hot tubs- Never leave your pet unattended near uncovered pools, even if they can swim.



